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中新网评：处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******

　　中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称，将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对，企图将核污水“一倒了之”，把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。

资料图：日本福岛第一核电站。

　　2011年，福岛核电站事故发生后，大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋，对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害，数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日，作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。

　　日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由，在2021年4月13日，正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多，日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。

　　日本政府辩称，这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全，甚至“可以喝”，这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。

　　事实上，经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质，核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收，长期来看，将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁，最终危害人类健康。

　　因此，核污水排海计划推出后，遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示，福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中，约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场，反对该计划。

　　日本政府认为，核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案，但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海，核污水会随着洋流流动，其影响势必会跨越国界，危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。

　　《韩国经济新闻》发文称，相关研究认为，福岛核污水如果排放入海，约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域，该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。

　　德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告，若日本将所有核污水排入海中，不到半年，整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁，包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。

　　日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国，有义务保护海洋环境。然而，在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上，日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。

　　国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估，但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论，并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下，日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设，这是极不负责任的行为。

　　太平洋不是日本的下水道，日本必须正视各方合理关切，在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后，制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远，若只顾眼前，执意将核污水排放入海，不仅其自身，周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单，其后果必将会危害数代人。

　　Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business

　　By John Lee

　　(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.

　　Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.

　　The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.

　　On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.

　　The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.

　　In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.

　　Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.

　　The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.

　　The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.

　　The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.

　　According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.

　　As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.

　　However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.

　　Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.

　　The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.

　　If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.

归来，民谣依旧少年——评散文集《心谣》******

　　作者：范红升（江苏凤凰文艺出版社总编辑）

　　“青山隐隐水迢迢，秋尽江南草未凋。”岁令已进入冬季，但古城阳羡依旧青山逶迤、绿水如带，就如同我眼前戴军的这部散文集《心谣》（江苏凤凰文艺出版社2022年11月出版），里面的文字绿意盎然、清新明快、生机勃发。

　　《心谣》是一部关于宜兴民谣的江南之书，它循着作者搜集、整理民谣的线索，挥洒文化大散文的笔触，探问真实与虚构的边际，以明净之心、审美之眼、温润之言，呈现原乡生活的细腻肌理，观照江南民谣的前世今生，在峰峦重叠的众生百态里，折射江南文化意蕴丰赡的人性温度与历久弥新的人文华彩。

　　读《心谣》，我不禁想起中国最古老的民歌民谣——三千多年前的《诗经》。《诗经》是怎么诞生的呢？根据《汉书》记载：“孟春之月，群居者将散，行人振木铎徇于路以采诗，献之大师，比其音律，以闻于天子”。就是说，每到春天，采诗官就会深入田间地头，摇着木铃铛收集那些能够反映老百姓悲欢疾苦的歌谣，整理之后交给负责音乐的官员谱曲，随后广为传唱。由此可知，早在三千多年前，自中国人心头流淌而出的民谣，便如唐古拉山的万千清泉，涓涓发端，浩浩汤汤，奔流向东，它们穿巴蜀、越云贵、历湖湘、入江南，汇入中华文明的五湖四海、恣肆汪洋。从这个意义上讲，《心谣》也是一部文学和文化的传承之书。作者由采诗故事讲起，溯流而上，娓娓道来，摩挲“民谣”这块文化瑰宝的每一个细节，它们或沉郁，或嘹亮；或乡音醇厚，或牧歌空灵；或为饱经沧桑的渔翁樵子，或作飞扬跳脱的月下少年……无数人情味浓的文化细节与激荡人心的历史瞬间唱和对话，传统的文学题材被打捞、被重估、被赋值为当代经验。记忆与现实，故乡与远方，个体与时代，皆因“有心人”的吟唱被认领、被联结、被融汇。我们欣喜地看到，在无以计数的中国人心间流淌过千年的古老“民谣”因作者之笔，重又鲜亮活泼起来，它不再是文学史卷中的古董、藏品，不再是无处安放的文学零余，而是重返现实主义创作现场的生动元素和有机力量。归来，民谣依旧少年。

　　以心为念，以情歌谣，是为《心谣》。心之谣歌，既是切近的烟火日常，也是悠远的氤氲诗意。《心谣》是中国人的寻根之诗。你若读《心谣》，就不能只读它的故事，你要去听那天地间婉转低回的呼喊和细语，去品那无处落笔的家书和豁然开朗的一醉，去读柳色江南和深秋鸿雁。从这个角度来说，《心谣》还是一部关于中国人心灵世界和生活选择的启示之书。

　　《心谣》是一部江南之书，是一部文化和文明的传承之书，是一部关于中国人心灵世界和生活选择的启示之书，因为这三重重要意义，《心谣》具有不可忽视、更不容错失的出版价值与阅读价值，我们非常感谢作者戴军将她的作品托付给我们江苏凤凰文艺出版社出版。

　　本书是江苏凤凰文艺出版社与作者的首度合作。在稿件策划之初，我们就对这个选题高度重视，编辑多次赴宜兴沟通出版事宜；我们以清新的风格诠释作品，来展现阳羡的江南风韵，力求以生动优美的形态契合雅致的文字，以期吸引更多年轻读者，并通过对图书的宣传和推广，使这本书的文化意义和社会效益得到更大程度的彰显，让更多读者感受到民谣的魅力、文学的魅力、《心谣》的魅力。

　　《光明日报》（ 2023年01月04日 14版）

　　（文图：赵筱尘巫邓炎）

[责编：天天中]

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